Otto Kraus (17 May 1930 – 24 October 2017) was a German arachnologist and myriapodologist.
He was a commissioner (1963–1995) and president (1989–1995) of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN).
His works include contributions to the encyclopedia Grzimeks Tierleben and the German translation of Ernst Mayr's Principles of Systematic Zoology.
While attending the University of Frankfurt he volunteered with the Senckenberg Museum, where he wrote his doctoral thesis on spiders and myriapods from El Salvador, supervised by Robert Mertens.
He completed his Ph.D. in 1955 and was hired by the museum the same year, later becoming head of the arachnology section and from 1963 to 1969 was head of the invertebrate zoology section.