[1] A map of the Congo Free State in 1888 shows the Oubandji and Ouellé District covering the northwest of the colony, bordered by the Aruwimi and Ouellé District to the east and the Équateur District to the south.

The Ubangi River defines the north and west boundary with the French territories.

After visiting the regions of Mongala, Lulonga and Ngiri he expanded the territory of the Bangala people, who he said originated in the Ibanza country and the whole region between the Ubangi and Congo.

[3] Lothaire was handicapped by language problems and lack of the ability to travel freely, so made various major errors, including this exaggerated view of Bangala territory.

[1] An 1897 map shows Ubangi District in the north, along the Ubangi River, and Bangalas District in the south along the Congo River.