Oum El Bouaghi or Oum el-Bouaghi (Arabic: ولاية أم البواقي) is a province (wilaya) of Algeria in the Aures region.

The capital is Oum el-Bouaghi, which was named Can Robert (during French occupation), Sidi R'Ghis a few years later, and Oum El Bouaghi before independence.

The province was created from Constantine (department) in 1974.

The province is divided into 12 districts (daïras), which are further divided into 29 communes or municipalities.

This article about a location in Oum El Bouaghi Province is a stub.