Owl's spiny rat (Carterodon sulcidens) is a rodent species in the family Echimyidae found in Brazil.

Owl's spiny rat has evolved characteristics such as a heightened ability to dig in open grasslands during times of environmental change.

[2] The genus Carterodon is the sister group to the family Capromyidae (hutias).

In turn, this clade shares evolutionary affinities with some genera of spiny rats belonging to the subfamily Euryzygomatomyinae.

[5] Trinomys (Atlantic spiny rats) Clyomys Euryzygomatomys (guiaras) Carterodon (Owl's spiny rat) Plagiodontia Geocapromys Capromys (Desmarest's hutia) Mesocapromys Mysateles