The PAIR (puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspiration; sometimes percutaneous aspiration-injection-reaspiration[1]) procedure is a noninvasive treatment option to remove hydatid cysts.
[2] PAIR is considered an alternative treatment for cystic echinococcosis (hydatid disease) and is often indicated for patients who do not respond to surgery or benzimidazoles[3] The PAIR procedure can be performed as follows:[4]