The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland records it as a variant of Payne, along with Paine, Payn, Pane, Payen, Payan, Panes, and Pagan.
The name Payne is believed to derive from the medieval English personal name Pagan.
[1] The Dictionary of American Family Names describes Pain as a variant of the name Paine.
[2] Pain is also an alternative spelling of the Indian surname Pyne.
[3] Notable people with the surname include (birth date order):