[1] When he was in his third year in Paichai High School [ko], he made a Doujinshi Saenuri(New world) that was shared among people who shared his dreams as a person involved in literature, and after graduating he enrolled in Yeonhi professional school (Modern day Yonsei University) but he soon dropped out and studied in Shanghai.

[2] In Shanghai, he worked as the china correspondent for Yeomgunsa (焰群社), a socialist cultural organization that was formed in Korea by song young lee ho and lee jeok hyo, whose aim was to research and distribute culture that liberates the proletariat.

[2] Eventually, after joining the Korean Artists' Proletarian Federation in 1925,[2] he started writing progressive poetry.

[2] In 1946, he crossed over to the Soviet-controlled northern half of the Korean Peninsula,[3] allegedly as a result of the foreign occupation of the south, shattering his hopes.

[3] Other representative works of his include the lyric poems "The sunrise at Poch'onbo" (1962), "History of Millim" (1962), and "When a fire is lit in the heart" (1963).