Pedino is situated in the central part of the island of Lemnos, west of the gulf of Moudros.

The small uninhabited island Alogonisi, in the gulf of Moudros, has an area of 286 hectares and a perimeter of 2,895 m. Under the older name Pesperagou (Πεσπεράγου), the village was mentioned in the late 14th century.

Between 1918 and 1921, hundreds of Russian émigrés were settled in the area between Pedino and Portianou.

They lived under harsh conditions, and 292 people died during the influenza epidemic of 1920-21.

The islands of Lemnos and Agios Efstratios were struck by a severe earthquake in February 1968.