The philosophy can most succinctly be summed up using the model proposed by British philosopher Thomas Baldwin in his 1996 paper[2] on the subject which is referred to as subtraction theory.
Critics often point to the ambiguity of Baldwin's premises[3] as proof both of the paradox and of the flaws within metaphysical nihilism itself.
Existential nihilism explores both the nature of this invention and the effectiveness of creating meaning for oneself and others, as well as whether the latter is even possible.
It has received the most attention out of all forms of nihilism in both literary and popular media.
[4] Richard Ian Wright sees relativism as the root of the paradox.