Parallel parking is often considered a complicated maneuver for drivers, however uses the least road width.

[6] On-street parking can act as inexpensive traffic calming by reducing the effective width of the street.

[9] In cities of the Eastern US, many former livery stables, with lifts for carriages, continue to operate as garages today.

Surface regimes involve using a clear lot to provide a single level of parking.

This is done to reduce the amount of traffic congestion and the need for parking in city centres and to connect more people to public transport networks who may not be otherwise.

These may include bicycle parking racks and locks, as well as more modern technologies for security and convenience.

When cities charge market rates for on-street parking and municipal parking garages for motor vehicles, and when bridges and tunnels are tolled for these modes, driving becomes less competitive in terms of out-of-pocket costs compared to other modes of transportation.

[23] The study suggests that block-level elasticities vary so widely that urban planners and economists cannot accurately predict the response in parking demand to a given change in price.

However, with the growth of car use, the supply of on-street parking became insufficient to meet demand.

Off-street parking can be a temporary usage for a land owner to extract value from a vacant lot.

[26] In congested urban areas parking of motor vehicles is time-consuming and often expensive.

Urban planners who are in a position to override market forces must consider whether and how to accommodate or "demand manage" potentially large numbers of motor vehicles in small geographic areas.

Usually, the authorities set minimum, or more rarely maximum, numbers of motor vehicle parking spaces for new housing and commercial developments, and may also plan their location and distribution to influence their convenience and accessibility.

For example, in 2006 the San Francisco Board of Supervisors considered a controversial zoning plan to limit the number of motor vehicle parking spaces available in new residential developments.

[27] Tradeable parking allowances have been proposed[28] for dense residential areas to reduce inequity and increase urban livability.

In summary, each resident would receive an annual, fractional allowance for on-street parking.

German municipalities have variegated transport cultures and policies, however common federal laws govern the use of street space and the rights of motorists.

German legal principles determine that the use of public streets is for traffic, including car parking.

Consequently, German motorists tend to assert a right to park for free on the public highway.

[29] In Japan, since 1962, to buy a car, one is required to obtain a "garage certificate" (shako shomeisho) from their local prefecture's police, providing proof of their own off-street parking space that they either buy or rent, that is not located more than 2 kilometers from their place of residence.

[30][31][32] In some jurisdictions, those in possession of the proper ID tags or license plates are also free from parking violation tickets for running over their metered time or parking in an inappropriate place, as some disabilities may prohibit the use of regular spaces.

As the number of users of large supermarket chain increased in Korea, the utilization rate of the traditional market sharply decreased.

Accordingly, each local government has a large-scale parking lots near the traditional market and provides discounts to users.

The systems combine traffic monitoring, communication, processing and variable message sign technologies to provide the service.

Some South Boston spots also have sensors, so users of an app called Parker can find vacancies.

The systems may include vehicle detection sensors that can count the number of available spaces and display the information on various signs.

[citation needed] An amusing alliterative slang term for finding an ideal parking spot directly in front of ones destination is Doris Day parking named for the American singer and actor who in numerous romantic comedy films was shown to immediately drive into the perfect spot time after time.