They include multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD).
[7] The latter is characterized by ataxia and dysarthria, and may occur either as an inherited disorder or as a variant of multiple system atrophy.
[2] Additional features include bradykinesia, early-onset postural instability, increased rigidity in axial muscles, dysautonomia, alien limb syndrome, supranuclear gaze palsy, apraxia, involvement of the cerebellum including the pyramidal cells, and in some instances significant cognitive impairment.
The nuclear medicine SPECT procedure using 123I‑iodobenzamide (IBZM), is an effective tool in the establishment of the differential diagnosis between patients with PD and Parkinson-plus syndromes.
[citation needed] Current therapy for Parkinson-plus syndromes is centered around a multidisciplinary treatment of symptoms.