The procedure is most typically performed due to neoplasms[1] (tumors), which are growths of rapidly and abnormally dividing cells.

[1] A salivary duct by which saliva is secreted (produced and released), runs through the inside of each cheek from each gland.

[1] Also, sialorrhea (excessive salivation) may be remedied by a parotidectomy, yet treatment by medication or even duct ligation (surgical tying) are the less invasive approaches.

However, there are really only two main distinctions to be made in parotidectomies:[8] It is important to note that the specific surgery chosen is based on preservation of the facial nerve in order to avoid significant morbidities (diseases).

Some of these include diagnostic imaging, fine-needle aspiration, neck dissection, and antibiotic prophylaxis (treatment to prevent).

Once necessary parotid tissue is removed, facial nerves are tested for correct function and reconstruction begins.

[4] At this time, patients will be administered antibiotics to minimize risk of infection as well as an assessment of pain management throughout their stay.

For benign tumors and slow growing cancers, surgery typically provides a complete cure or remission (no evidence for disease).

[7] Patients are typically discharged from the hospital with sutures (stitches) at the incision site, and a small drain tube placed behind the ear.

Should the patient have difficulty smiling, winking, or consuming fluids, the physician should be contacted immediately, as these are common signs of facial nerve damage.

[7] Mild facial numbness and weakness are normal immediately after a parotidectomy, with symptoms usually subsiding within a few months.

[7] Complications that may occur due to parotidectomy involve nerve dysfunction, Frey’s syndrome (uncharacteristic sweating near glands), salivation from wound, numbness, facial asymmetry, necrosis (death of skin) near incision, and tumor reappearance.