Bacterial parotitis presents as a unilateral swelling, where the gland is swollen and tender and usually produces pus at the Stensen's duct.
Symptoms include fever, dehydration, chills, fast heartbeat and breathing if the infection is causing sepsis.
The usual symptoms are a cough, fever, weight loss, shortness of breath, chest pain, tiredness and chills.
TB can also affect the heart, thyroid and adrenal glands but the main site of infection is the lungs.
Risk factors are chronic alcohol consumption, diabetes, long term steroid use, HIV infection and kidney failure.
Common symptoms include fever, headache and bilateral or unilateral parotitis (swelling of the parotid gland on one or both sides of the face).
Treatment includes isolation and therefore prevention of spread of the disease and supportive measures such as hot or cold packs.
[2] Lymphoepithelial lesion of Godwin: Most frequently associated with a circumscribed tumor with the histologic features of Sjögren syndrome.
[citation needed] Blockage of the main parotid duct, or one of its branches, is often a primary cause of acute parotitis, with further inflammation secondary to bacterial superinfection.
Symptoms may include recurrent swelling, pain and aggravation during eating as this is when saliva production is stimulated.
[8] Stones may be diagnosed via X-ray (with a success rate of about 80%[7]), a computed tomography (CT) scan or medical ultrasonography.
The spectrum varies from mild and infrequent attacks to episodes so frequent that they prevent regular school attendance.
In the past, the disease was treated with aggressive surgical interventions such as Stensen’s duct ligation, superficial or total parotidectomy, and tympanic neurectomy.
The sialendoscopy as a relatively safe and minimally invasive technique with a significant impact on the reduction of acute relapse episodes, has immense diagnostic and therapeutic potential in management of juvenile recurrent parotitis.
[citation needed] Sarcoidosis: The lungs, skin, and lymph nodes are most often affected, but the salivary glands are involved in approximately 10% of cases.
The Heerfordt-Waldenstrom syndrome consists of sarcoidosis with parotid enlargement, fever, anterior uveitis, and facial nerve palsy.
The duct orifice normally functions as a valve to prevent air from entering the gland from a pressurized oral cavity.
Pneumoparotitis most commonly occurs in wind instrument players, glass blowers, and scuba divers.
Rarely, drugs such as iodides, phenylbutazone, thiouracil, isoproterenol, heavy metals, sulfisoxazole, and phenothiazines cause parotid swelling.
[citation needed] Associated with Bulimia: Parotid gland swelling is a common feature of self-induced vomiting.