[3] A 2002 survey in the United States showed that with regards to STIs, healthcare providers conduct screenings with less frequency than recommended by health department guidelines.
[5] In the past, the CDC has recommended that physicians and health departments should inform the sexual partners of people known to be infected with HIV of their risk for contracting the disease when the diagnosed individual refused to do so.
[7] Despite the change, as of 1998, several states in the US have laws that codify involuntary or coercive partner notification.
[8] In Michigan and Indiana, individuals who test positive for HIV are legally obligated to notify past sexual contacts.
[8] In Texas and other states, doctors and public health officials are either required or authorized to inform known sexual contacts of patients who have tested positive for HIV.