Pasquier Quesnel

He took refuge with the friendly Cardinal Coislin, bishop of Orléans; four years later, however, foreseeing that a fresh storm of persecution was about to burst, he fled to Brussels, and took up his abode with Antoine Arnauld.

After three months imprisonment he made a highly dramatic escape, and settled at Amsterdam, where he spent the remainder of his life.

After Antoine Arnauld's death in 1694 Quesnel was generally regarded as the leader of the Jansenist party; and his Réflexions morales sur le Nouveau Testament played almost as large a part in its literature as Jansen's Augustinus itself.

It appeared in many forms and under various titles, the original germ going back so far as 1668; the first complete edition was published in 1692.

The papal bull Unigenitus, in which no fewer than 101 sentences from the Réflexions morales were condemned as heretical, was obtained from Clement XI on 8 September 1713.