Passagium

[2] A passagium generale was an "old-style, grand international crusading expedition" that included, besides the well-trained and professional military classes, numerous poorly trained but enthusiastic volunteers.

[3] Such an expedition was the primary aim of Pope Gregory X (1271–1276) and remained for a long time the ultimate goal of all crusade planning.

The rise of the particular expedition at the expense of the general signified a practical turn in crusade strategy.

The expeditions led by King Theobald I of Navarre and Earl Richard of Cornwall in 1239–1241, the so-called Barons' Crusade, may be seen as early instances of passagium particulare.

[9] In 1289, in implementing the theory of the passagium particulare, Pope Nicholas IV sent 20 galleys and 1,500 soldiers to Acre for one year after the fall of Tripoli.