It also effected substantive changes, including the codification of the requirement for non-obviousness[1][2] and the judicial doctrine of contributory infringement.
[3] As amended, it is codified in Title 35 of the United States Code.
The Act originally divided the patent law into three parts: A later amendment added Other amendments to Title 35 concern the renaming from "Patent Office" to "Patent and Trademark Office"; revised fee schedules for application and issue of patents; and modifications in procedures related to the protection of patents.
This was an unfair practice to patent owners, who were faced with a loss-loss situation.
The Congress did away with the problem, adding § 121, which provides that, when an inventor files a divisional application in response to a restriction requirement, one restricted application “shall not be used as a reference” against the other.