He was the son of Alexandre-Hippolyte Dumoulin, an accountant, and his wife, Marie-Virginie née Taisand.
Denied a place there in 1846, he benefitted from the absence of a selection jury in 1848, which was suspended due to the Revolution.
[5] He was equally, if not better known as a caricaturist; providing numerous illustrations for Le Gaulois [fr], a weekly satirical journal.
[6] His fellow staff members included Étienne Carjat, Paul Hadol and Alfred Grévin.
[7] During that same time, he also worked for the photographer Pierre Petit who, together with Antoine Trinquart (1814–1871), had recently opened a studio called "La Photographie des Deux Mondes".