Paul Frederick Straub was a Surgeon in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his actions in the Philippine–American War.

He also worked in the Office of the Surgeon General; his papers from his time there can be found at the National Library of Medicine.

Place and date: At Alos, Zambales, Luzon, Philippine Islands, December 21, 1899.

Citation: Voluntarily exposed himself to a hot fire from the enemy in repelling with pistol fire an insurgent attack and at great risk of his own life went under fire to the rescue of a wounded officer and carried him to a place of safety.

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