Twelve attendees, including Kenyon Butterfield and Charles Galpin, decided to continue to gather informally on an annual basis.
His focus was on the central and upper midwest and he further breaks down the economic conditions of various groups in these regions: absentee landlords, owner-farmers, tenant farmers, and farm laborers.
Ultimately, he concludes that labor income of farmers is comparable to those of urban areas; however, an economic trend in favor absentee landlords presents an existential threat to the rural Midwest.
This trend was due to the fact that the majority of income increases was coming in the form of land value which only benefited absentee landlords and owner-farmers.
The paper reemphasizes his work in Farmer's Labor Income and restates his position that arresting the economic trends that are mostly benefiting absentee landlords is paramount to a productive and happy rural society.
Tenant farmer residences were more likely to be heated by a stove, lit by kerosene, not have kitchen sinks, and have water wells that were closer to their outhouse and barn.