Paul H. Patterson (October 22, 1943 – June 25, 2014) was an American neuroscientist and the Anne P. and Benjamin F. Biaggini Professor of Biological Sciences at the California Institute of Technology.

[4][5] He completed his PhD in biology at Johns Hopkins University with William Lennarz in 1970.

[3] He continued his work on the mutability of the peripheral nervous system, discovering the role that the leukemia inhibitory factor ("LIF"), a cytokine previously identified based on its immunological function, played in brain function.

[7] He also published a book on neuroimmunology, Infectious Behavior: Brain-Immune Connections in Autism, Schizophrenia and Depression,[8] and continued to blog on topics related to these fields[9] until his death in June 2014.

[16][17] He spearheaded training programs at Caltech for the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine (CIRM), obtaining grants to support students researching stem cell science from neighboring institutions such as Pasadena City College, Cal Poly Pomona and CSULA.