Most of his fieldwork is done in Parque Natural de las Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas, in the eastern side of Andalucia, and in Doñana National Park, where he holds the title of Research Professor for the Estación Biológica Doñana, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC).
His Ph.D is from the University of Sevilla, 1984, Spain where he focused on ecological and evolutionary consequences of mutualistic interactions between animals and plants.
During the same time period he was the National Research Panel officer for the Biodiversity, Ecology and Global Change Program, Spanish Ministry of Education and Science.
From 2008 to 2013 he was appointed a Chair for the Spanish Panel for the National Research Plan, program of Biodiversity, Ecology and Global Change in Ministry of Economy and Innovation.
His research focuses on the study of biological diversity (biodiversity) from both ecological and evolutionary perspectives.
His scientific achievements include incorporating complex network analysis in the study of patterns, functions, and consequences of plant-animal mutualisms within ecosystems.
This has unveiled the highly diversified and low-specificity character of these interactions and represented a pathbreaking approach to the study of coevolution in mega-diversity systems such as tropical forests.
Current research projects include components of pollination effectiveness and their consequences in insular pollinator assemblages, ecological correlates of interaction in complex plant-animal mutualistic networks and ecological networks in a fragmented world.
This paper discusses the consequences of losing frugivores as seed dispersers due to extinction and anthropogenic factors.
The dispersal of plant by pollen grains or seeds, affects genetic patterns because it pinpoints the demographic regeneration process that depends on successful establishment of new individuals.