Pegau (pronunciationⓘ) is a town in the Leipzig district in Saxony, Germany, situated in a fertile plain, on the White Elster, 18 m. S.W.

It has two Evangelical churches, that of St. Lawrence being a fine Gothic structure, a 16th-century town-hall; a very old hospital and an agricultural school.

It is extremely similar to Leipzig's Altes Rathaus (built-in 1556/57), which Widemann and Lotter had previously worked on.

Pegau grew up around a Benedictine monastery founded in 1096 by Wiprecht of Groitzsch but does not appear as a town before the close of the 12th century.

Markets were held here and its prosperity was further enhanced by its position on the main road running east and west.