Pelantaro or Pelantarú (Spanish: [pelanˈtaɾo]; from Mapudungun: pelontraru, lit.

Pelantaro and his lieutenants Anganamon and Guaiquimilla were credited with the death of the second Spanish Governor of Chile, Martín García Óñez de Loyola, during the Battle of Curalaba on December 21, 1598.

They succeeded in destroying all of the Spanish settlements south of the Bio-bio River and some to the north of it (Santa Cruz de Oñez and San Bartolomé de Chillán in 1599).

Pelantaro was captured in 1616 and held for a year and a half until after the death of the governor Alonso de Ribera.

He was released by his successor Fernando Talaverano Gallegos in a vain attempt to establish a peace with the Mapuche.