[2][3] The eastern spadefoot is native to Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria?, Georgia, Greece?, Iran, Israel, Lebanon, Russian Federation, Syria and Turkey.

[3] The range of eastern spadefoot is limited by mean annual temperature and rainfall (the species does not live in the areas with insufficient summer temperature and in areas with a high rainfall level), but the northern distribution limit may additionally depend on the distribution of common spadefoot.

[2] The eastern spadefoot is nocturnal and returns to the same lair each night when it has finished foraging for molluscs, spiders, insects and other small arthropods.

Several thousand eggs are laid in broad bands of gelatinous material that may be 2 cm (0.8 in) thick and 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) long.

The tadpoles hatch after three days, eat algae and water weeds and grow for three or four months before they undergo metamorphosis into juvenile toads.

It has a wide distribution and is believed to have a large population, so, although its range is rather fragmented, it is thought to be declining sufficiently slowly as to not need to be listed in a more threatened category.