[10] His parents were killed by the Kuomintang government when he was less than 4 years old, and he was jailed at the age of 8 for being the son of Peng Pai.

After 1949, he went to the Soviet Union to complete advanced studies in nuclear science at Moscow Power Engineering Institute.

This reactor was completed in April 1970 and successfully passed a test in July after Peng reported to the Central Special Commission led by Premier Zhou Enlai.

[1][6][7] Once he received the prize money of the Top Scientific Achievement Award from Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation, he donated all of it as a fund to award young people making significant innovative achievements in the field of nuclear power.

[24][25][26][27][28] On May 26, 2021, he was posthumously honored the title "Role Model of the Era" by the top Publicity Department of China, for his contributions to the design of the country's first-generation nuclear submarine in the 1950s, his leading the charge in the establishment of two major nuclear power plants in China, and his great attributes of hard work, sacrifice, and the pursuit of innovation.

[31][32] Peng's wife, Ma Shuying (马淑英), was his schoolmate in the Soviet Union, and they married in 1958 when they returned to China.