[4] On 25 March 2006, on the coast of Neian, Shiyu, Penghu Islands, an excavator driver Mr. Ming-Kuo Pan found a fossilized crocodylian tooth exposed in the sandstone interlayer between basaltic rocks and then dug up a whole skeleton.

Among these characters, the largest 7th maxillary tooth is only present on Pleistocene Toyotamaphimeia from Japan and Taiwan and the Holocene Hanyusuchus from South China, suggest a unique shared-featured of these three East-Asian taxa.

[3][5][6][7][8] Although been long classified as Tomistominae, a 2019 study noted that Penghusuchus and Toyotamaphimeia both have gavialine features, with the Penghusuchus present the following features: axial diapophysis is present on axial neural arch; paired, bifurcated hypapophysis on the ventral side of vertebrae centrum; iliac blade has a prominent anterior process; development of deltopectoral crest in the humerus is weak; midline dorsal or pelvic osteoderms is rectangular and wider than long; thick basioccipital tubera with participating of the robust exoccipital ventral process; the cranio-quadrate passage on the occipital surface is obscured by the convex process of the exoccipital; the splenial symphysis of the mandible extends to the length of about 5-7 teeth and forms a broad or narrow V in dorsal view.

[10] However, recent molecular studies using DNA sequencing have consistently indicated that the false gharial (Tomistoma) (and by inference other related extinct forms in Tomistominae) actually belong to Gavialoidea (and Gavialidae).

[3] Crocodyloidea †Maroccosuchus zennaroi †Megadontosuchus arduini †Dollosuchoides densmorei †Xaymacachampsa kugleri †Kentisuchus astrei †Kentisuchus spenceri †Tomistoma cairense †Tomistoma coppensi †Maomingosuchus petrolica Tomistoma schlegelii, false gharial †Tomistoma lusitanicum †Gavialosuchus eggenburgensis †Melitosaurus champsoides †Tomistoma calaritanum †Tomistoma gaudense †Thecachampsa carolinensis †Thecachampsa antiqua †Paratomistoma courti †Penghusuchus pani †Toyotamaphimeia machikanensis †Hanyusuchus sinensis †Eosuchus lerichei †Eosuchus minor †Ocepesuchus eoafricanus †Eothoracosaurus mississippiensis †Thoracosaurus macrorhynchus †Thoracosaurus neocesariensis †Aktiogavialis puertoricensis †Eogavialis africanum †Argochampsa krebsi †Piscogavialis jugaliperforatus †Ikanogavialis gameroi †Siquisiquesuchus venezuelensis †Dadagavialis gunai †Gryposuchus neogaeus †Gryposuchus croizati †Aktiogavialis caribesi †Gryposuchus pachakamue †Gryposuchus colombianus †Rhamphosuchus crassidens †Myanmar gavialid †Gavialis lewisi †Gavialis bengawanicus Gavialis gangeticus, gharial †Siwalik Gavialis