Pentti Elias Eskola (8 January 1883 – 6 December 1964) was a Finnish geologist who specialised in the petrology of granites and developed the concept of metamorphic facies.

He graduated from the University of Helsinki in 1906 and received a doctorate in 1914 with a dissertation on the petrology of the Orijärvi Region.

[2] He visited Norway and the US in 1920–21 working at the Geophysical Laboratory in Washington, D.C., and with the Geological Survey of Canada during which time he examined eclogites.

Their son Matti (1916–1941) predeceased them, as he was killed during World War II on the Russian front and all that was returned to his parents was a purse which contained apple seeds that he collected to plant in their family farm, which Eskola planted in memory of his son.

Eskola also discussed philosophy in a book on world outlook and corresponded with philosophers Rolf Arnkil and Sigfrid Sirenius.