[2][3] They vary from benign (soft tissue perineurioma and schwannoma) that can be completely removed to benign (plexiform neurofibroma) that may be locally aggressive to extremely malignant (malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors [MPNST]).

In the case of schwannomatosis and neurofibromatosis, tumors can grow on or close to nerves anywhere in the body.

[7] Methods used to identify tumors of the peripheral nervous system include a family history of any predisposition syndrome, including neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2, a targeted and comprehensive physical examination, and radiological investigations, the primary one being magnetic resonance imaging.

[12] Surgery is the most common method of treating peripheral nerve sheath tumors.

[11] In malignant tumors, complete resection is the only known curative treatment (with a sufficiently wide margin or even amputation to improve prognosis).