It is some 130 kilometres (81 mi) long, running north-northwesterly, located east of Henri Freycinet Harbour and west of Havre Hamelin and Faure Island.
The Taillefer Isthmus, the narrowest section of the peninsula, is between Nanga and Goulet Bluff – which has Shell Beach located on the eastern side which lies in the L'Haridon Bight.
The peninsula is named for French naturalist François Péron, who visited the area with the Geographe expeditions of 1801 and 1803.
In 1919 Peron Peninsula Station had a total area of 106,000 hectares (263,000 acres) divided into 25 paddocks and was stocked with 12,000 sheep.
Peron Peninsula is part of the Carnarvon Basin, a geological structure lacking permanent fresh surface water.