[2] A front line cemetery, it was called Perth (as the predecessors of the 2nd Scottish Rifles were raised in Perth), China Wall (from the communication trench known as the Great Wall of China), or Halfway House Cemetery and was in use until October 1917.

His citation stated that, "under a heavy fire all day until 7 p.m.",[7] Johnston operated two rafts, transporting wounded personnel toward the rear and ammunition to the front line.

Birks was awarded the Victoria Cross for an act of bravery at Ypres on 20 September 1917, during the Battle of Passchendaele.

His citation stated that he and a corporal had attacked a German strong point that was holding up an Australian advance.

On 7 November 2006, the UK government announced retrospective pardons for all British personnel executed during the Great War.