[9] Prior to Russian settlement, the area of present-day Pervomaysky was inhabited largely by Chulyms.

[6] Pervomaysky District is rural in nature, home to four settlements with more than 1,000 people: Pervomayskoye, Komsomolsk, Belyay, and Ulu-Yul.

[6] Population decline is a threat to many smaller settlements in the area, with the district government recognizing 17 villages at risk.

[6] The district is home to 23,600 hectares of cropland, which primarily grow cereals, legumes, potatoes and vegetables.

[6] The area is also home to some deposits of natural minerals, such as sand, gravel, clay, chalk, brown coal, peat, and limestone.