Petalura litorea, commonly known as the coastal petaltail,[3] is an endangered Australian species of dragonfly from the family Petaluridae.

[4] This species originates from south-eastern Queensland and prefers swamp land with thick vegetation, often residing on sword grass.

[6] Male coastal petaltails have unique, bright orange anal appendages called 'petaltails' that are believed to be used to attract a mate.

Larvae that nest in these caves often are subject to attack from underwater predators that can easily access the burrow from a nearby body of water.

If the larvae survive the incubation process the average coastal petaltail's lifespan is approximately 6 years.