Peter Kipchumba Rono (born 31 July 1967) is a former Kenyan athlete, who won the 1,500 metres at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Born in Kamobo village, near Kapsabet, Rono won the gold medal at the Africa Cross Country Championships in Nairobi, Kenya, in 1985 and in 1986 he was the silver medallist in the 1500m at the World Junior Championships in Athens, Greece.

At the 1988 Olympic Games, Rono managed to closely defeat the main favourites, Peter Elliott and Steve Cram of Great Britain, thus becoming the youngest Olympic Champion at 1500 m (21 years and 62 days).

Peter Rono currently lives in New Jersey, USA where he is employed by the sales and marketing department of the shoe manufacturer New Balance.

He is married to Mary Kirui, a runner who won 10,000 metres bronze medal at the 1987 All-Africa Games held in Nairobi, Kenya.