Philosophical anarchism is an anarchist school of thought which focuses on intellectual criticism of authority, especially political power, and the legitimacy of governments.
The third type is "found in Herbert Spencer's early predictions" and in that of some of his disciples such as Wordsworth Donisthorpe, who foresee in this sense "the redundancy of the state in the source of social evolution".
Conceived as egoistically by Max Stirner, it implies that the unique one who truly owns himself recognizes no duties to others.
"[12] Philosophical anarchism has met the criticism of members of academia following the release of pro-anarchist books such as A. John Simmons' Moral Principles and Political Obligations (1979).
[15] The law professor William A. Edmundson authored an essay arguing against three major philosophical anarchist principles that he finds fallacious.