Physoderma

[6] Unfortunately, his original diagnosis was very similar to that of Protomyces, which led others to place species in the wrong genus.

[4] Just prior to that (1882), Schroeter added an additional 4 species to the genus and noted, for the first time, epibiotic, ephemeral zoosporangia.

In 1889, Schroeter created the genus Urophlyctis for those species with epibiotic, ephemeral zoosporangia and sexually derived resting spores.

In 1891, Fischer refuted Schroeter's observations on sexual reproduction and merged Physoderma and Urophlyctis with Cladochytrium.

Magnus, in 1901, used characteristics of the resting spore and host plant reaction to distinguish between Physoderma and Urophlyctis.

He claimed that resting spores from Physoderma were globose and ellipsoidal, and those from Urophlyctis were flattened on one side.

The initial infection gives rise to monocentric, epibiotic zoosporangium anchored with endobiotic rhizoids confined to a single host cell.

In late spring and summer, the zoospores will begin to develop into an endobiotic polycentric thallus.

These rhizoids can bear intercalary cells, which many be once or twice septate (and what Schroeter saw as evidence of sexual reproduction).

The endobiotic thallus gives rise to large, thick-walled, dark-colored resting spores that take the shape of the host cell.