Also, the motto is accompanied by a rising and falling augmented 4th between notes A and D#, creating sharp dissonances.
The greater part of it is dominated by grinding dissonances and frequent modulation, further increasing the despair of the work.
[2] In the extremely virtuosic coda, the motto, transformed and abbreviated, is hammered out violently amid swirls of harried notes, and then played in full in rapid, stammering descending chords.
The chaos stops abruptly in where the pattern of repeated notes sounds in a much slower and determined way, as if asserting control over the proceedings.
The willful repetitions of the “motto” motive that opened the sonata bring the work to a violently assertive close.