Pietro Assalti Latinized as Petrus Assaltus (23 June 1680 – 29 April 1728) was an Italian botanist, herbalist, physician, naturalist, professor and writer.
He studied Latin and at the age of fifteen went to Fermo where he acquired a knowledge of Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic.
He studied law in Rome and gaining repute as a scholar was chosen by Pope Clement XI and assigned to the Vatican Library.
In 1709 he became a professor of botany at the University of Rome, succeeding Giovanni Battista Trionfetti.
Assalti compiled, edited, and published the works of Giovanni Maria Lancisi in two volumes in 1718.