Pietro Loredan (admiral)

[2] In 1403, he served as commander of one of the three galleys that conveyed the Byzantine emperor Manuel II Palaiologos (r. 1391–1425) back to Constantinople, after his voyage in the courts of Western Europe.

[1] He was then ordered to go to Zara in Dalmatia, as the King of Hungary (and Holy Roman Emperor-elect) Sigismund was fighting to expand into Venetian holdings.

[1] Upon his return, he was elected as an Avogador de Comùn (public prosecutor), but again held the post for a short while because on 2 April 1416, he was chosen as captain of the Gulf to lead an expedition to the Ottoman Empire.

The Great Council of Venice charged him with conveying Venetian ambassadors to the Sultan, and exhausting peaceful means, but in the event, on 29 May 1416, at the Battle of Gallipoli, Loredan scored a major victory against the Ottoman fleet, destroying or capturing most of its vessels.

In September 1419, he was elected as one of the committee of five wise men (savi di Terraferma) charged with overseeing the final phase of the Venetian conquest of Dalmatia and Friuli.

As Sigismund was preoccupied with dealing with the Hussite Rebellion, the Venetians moved in to secure their claims on the eastern shore of the Adriatic Sea.

By the end of June, he had secured the surrender of Trogir and Split, and between September and October he brought the islands of Brač, Korčula, and Hvar under Venetian control.

A successful commander, well educated and a capable orator, Loredan had all the prerequisites necessary for the position, but in the end it was his old rival, Francesco Foscari, who was elected.

[1] Despite this setback, on 12 January 1424, Loredan was again elected as captain-general of the Gulf, with the task of assisting Thessalonica, which the Republic had acquired the previous year, by attacking Gallipoli and applying military and diplomatic pressure on the Ottoman Sultan Murad II to recognize Venetian possession of the city.

[1][4] Despite Loredan's activities, however, the conflict continued fruitlessly for the Venetians, amidst increasing suffering and discontent for the inhabitants of Thessalonica, until the city was conquered by the Ottomans in March 1430.

In 1426, Loredan was appointed as provveditore of the army along with Fantino Michiel, and accompanied the condottiere Francesco Bussone da Carmagnola in the conquest of Brescia (10 August 1426).

[1] When the conflict with Milan broke out again, Loredan was once again appointed provveditore of the army on 9 April 1437, under the commander-in-chief Gianfrancesco Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua, but poor health forced him to leave his post and return to Venice, being replaced by Paolo Tron.

The war began badly for the Venetians, however, and as soon as Loredan was restored to health in November, he was sent to join the army and raise its faltering morale.

His tomb's inscription claimed that he was poisoned by unknown enemies("per insidias hostium veneno sublatus"); popular legend ascribed the deed to the Doge Francesco Foscari.

[1] ^ a: In the actual Venetian dialect, his name was Pie[t]ro Loredano; in contemporary Greek sources, he is encountered as Πέτρος Λορδᾶς, Λαυρεδάνος, or Λορδάνο.

14th-century painting of a light galley , from an icon now at the Byzantine and Christian Museum at Athens
Pietro Loredan calms down rioters in the Piazza San Marco in 1437