Located in the central part of the county, it borders the following townships: Parts of two municipalities are located in Pleasant Township: the city of Lancaster, the county seat of Fairfield County, in the southwest; and the village of Pleasantville in the north.

Pleasant Township was so named on account of their fertile soil.

[4] It is one of fifteen Pleasant Townships statewide.

[5] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[6] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.