[1][2] As an interdisciplinary science, the field includes contributions from political science,[3] forensic science, anthropology, psychology, jurisprudence, criminal justice, human geography,[4] correctional administration and penology.
There was a "dizzying expansion" of police studies in the early 2000s with a large number of works being published in the field.
[1] UK has developed the Police National Computer as a sophisticated intelligence tool that holds extensive data on criminals, vehicles and property, and accessible in a matter of seconds through over 30,000 terminals across the country.
PITO reports that a national fingerprint and DNA database has been developed containing over 3.4 million DNA profiles providing the police with an average of 3,000 matches a month.
The police use a wide range of technologies to curb road traffic offences like speeding and drunk driving including breathalyser devices, bus lane enforcement cameras, immobilisation devices, light signals devices and speed measuring devices.