Researchers are not sure why Castro changed his mind, it is likely due to his respect for Grau, his wisdom, his elderly age, or his loyalty to Cuba by not leaving, unlike many others.

[3] Polita Grau, as a college student, was involved in radical campus movements to weaken the Gerardo Machado regime.

Years later, in 1939, Polita married her second husband José Agüero (Pepe), with whom she had two children, a son named Ramón Fransisco also known as Monchy, and her daughter Hilda, known as Chury.

[3] In 1934, Polita had returned to Cuba after she had gone to exile and married Roberto (Pepe) Lago who was a leader of a student movement.

Polita left Cuba to join Antonio Varona, who played a significant role in the anti-Batista movement.

Polita Grau was also frightened by Castro's belief in Communism, therefore became a part of an underground movement that planned to overthrow the Cuban government.

Varona had a counter-revolutionary group, that Polita had later joined famously known as "Movimiento de Rescate Revolucionario (Revolutionary Rescue Movement).

Ramón Grau was asked by a Miami Herald journalist Sergio López about the patria potestad scare in which he confessed: “The entire thing was a propaganda test to hurt Fidel.

[8] Polita Grau was exiled for her last time due to her political involvement until 1959, which was when Castro rose to power.

Dr. Ramon Grau San Martin (Polita's uncle) had given her the title of being "The First Lady of Cuba," at only seventeen years old in 1933.

[9] Polita was engaged in attempts that were unsuccessful against the life of Fidel Castro which included Operation Peter Pan.

Grau had her entire women's group join the efforts of the Operation which increased the number of people involved.

[3] Polita remembered that people would come to their home in Miramar, Florida which was coincidentally right next to the office of the security police.

[3] In 1961, Grau and her brother Ramon, along with Monsignor Bryan O. Walsh of the Archdiocese of Miami, started Operation Peter Pan.

[6] Polita Grau gave shelter to multiple anti-government activists and had also assisted them to obtain political asylum in Havana.

This is because after the Bay of Pigs invasion of April 1961, several underground networks had fallen, and many were arrested by the government or forced to leave Cuba.

Once Polita and her brother had gotten arrested in 1965, they had realized that not even their family name or the government's need to keep their uncle in Cuba could save them from being released.

[7] Polita Grau was the President of the Cuban Chapter of the Red Cross, while also being the coordinator of the women's counter-revolutionary action organization called 'Rescate' (Rescue).

As Polita was directing Rescate, the women of her network were in charge of giving the CIA information on Soviet missiles and responsible for those who were spying underground outside of the country.

A consequential activity that began to cause panic among the citizens was to spread the rumor that the Cuban government was going to remove legal parental authority.

[11] Before being released from prison in 1978, Polita Grau was interviewed by a Cuban journalist Luis Báez, who questioned her about the supposed threat to ‘patria potestad,’ which means 'taking away legal custody of your child.

'[8] She had admitted to having "encouraged the rumor that the communist government was the absolute owner of the muchachos [kids] and that parents would lose their rights over their children that "they would be sent to Russia.

[2] Ms. Grau was also freed due to the encouragement of President Jimmy Carter who had convinced Castro to release a significant number of political prisoners in Cuba.

Grau had described Operation Peter Pan as 'child abuse' and that the Federal government of the United States's participation was inhumane.

Grau referred to the U.S acting inhumanely in the 1980s where the State Department denied a request from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to assist in reuniting Cuban children with their parents.

[11] After Polita had been imprisoned for 14 years, she wanted to reunite with her family but was unable to forget about the prisoners that she left behind in Cuba.

[2] At the age of 84,[1] Polita Grau died at the Villa Maria Nursing Center located on the grounds of Mercy Hospital in Coconut Grove, of congestive heart disease.

[14] She is remembered for her ‘beauty, her sweetness, her generosity of care, her integrity.’ Grau is well respected for her political involvement, particularly in Cuba and Miami.