BKS Polonia Bydgoszcz was founded on 14 May 1920 by Edmund Szyc, a sports enthusiast and an official of Warta Poznań.

Szyc, who had come to Bydgoszcz from Poznań in the early spring of 1920, wanted to create a sports organization with a patriotic spirit, based on Polish Army soldiers garrisoned in the city.

It had several departments, such as football, track and field, boxing, ice hockey, cycling, basketball, handball and volleyball.

Among the most notable athletes of the time were: Stanisław Zakrzewski (high jumper), Klemens Biniakowski (runner, who participated in the 1928 Summer Olympics), Feliks Więcek (cyclist, winner of the 1928 Tour de Pologne).

Polonia’s football team were four times champions of Polish Pomerania, but failed to win promotion to the Ekstraklasa.

On 22 May 1946 the speedway department was formed, but in 1949, the so-called First Polonia was dissolved by the Communist authorities, who disliked its prewar, bourgeoisie roots.

The newly established Militia Sports Club Polonia Bydgoszcz took over Gwardia’s hues (red - white - blue), to commemorate the colours of the French Revolution, and to symbolize the new, Communist regime of Poland.

In 1992, the football team was closed to return in 1994, and the ice hockey department was separated from the organization.

Polonia Bydgoszcz since 27 October 2006 is Joint stock company (pl: spółka akcyjna or S.A.).

[7] Former rider and coach at the time Mieczysław Połukard was killed in a centre green accident in 1985.

[8] In 2007, the team was relegated from the top division for the first time in their history and the club underwent a period of mediocrity.

Mieczysława Połukarda) usually referred to as the Criterium of Aces (Kryterium Asów) is an annual speedway event held each year, which is organized by the Polonia Bydgoszcz.

[12] Polonia Bydgoszcz ice hockey team enjoyed its greatest success in the 1950s and 1960s, when it was twice second (1954, 1955) and twice third (1964, 1965) in the Polish top division.