Pompeo Aldrovandi (23 September 1668 – 6 January 1752) was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

He entered the Roman Curia five years later and then steadily climbed the career ladder in the administration and was ordained priest in 1710, served as a chargé d'affaires in the nunciature in Spain from 1712 to 1716.

However, the political troubles between the Holy See and the King of Spain led to his being recalled to Bologna, where he stayed until the death of Pope Clement XI.

Aldrovandi was created Cardinal priest in the consistory of 24 March 1734 with the title of Sant'Eusebio.

In the conclave Cardinal Lambertini, who was later elected Pope Benedict XIV, said to the College of Cardinals: "If you wish to elect a saint, choose Gotti; a statesman, Aldrovandi; an honest man, me.