At the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, he was in command of the 120th Rifle Regiment in the Far East, which was transferred in July 1941 to the Western Front.

For the successful completion of complex command tasks and the courage and heroism shown at the same time, the division was renamed the 2nd Guards Motor Rifle (12 January 1942).

The corps participated in the Battles of Stalingrad, Rostov, Mius, Donbass, Melitopol, and the Crimean Offensive.

On 4 June 1944 Chanchibadze became commander of the 2nd Guards Army which he led in the Siauliai, Memel and East Prussian offensive operations.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 19 April 1945, Lieutenant General Chanchibadze was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the skillful management of his Army in the defeat of Armee-Abteilung Samland.