[1] [2] Richelieu was a leading statesman in Restoration France serving twice as premiere during the reign of Louis XVIII, having previously spent many years in exile.

At the Congress Richelieu accomplished his goal of securing the withdrawal of Allied troops in exchange for the payment of outstanding reparations.

[4] The portrait shows the Duke in fashionable civilian dress holding a sheath of papers that suggest at his administrative duties.

[5] Depicted in the romantic style of the era, he is shown against a stormy background staring into the distance wearing "an expression of determination and weariness.

[7] The original is now part of the Royal Collection and hangs in the Waterloo Chamber of Windsor Castle along with other leading figures involved in the defeat of Napoleon and the postwar diplomatic congresses.