Ludovico makes it a point to emphasize how print has been thought to die off since 1894 but how in his opinion it has done no such thing, but instead is needed for the future.

This is due to his success as a Media critic and editor-in-chief of the magazine Neural since 1993, a host for the weekly radio show Neural Station, a collaborator of the Digital Kraft exhibitions, a founding contributor of the Nettime community, a founder of the organization Mag.Net, and a founder of the European Peripheral Magazine list.

Chapter 4, “The end of paper: can anything actually replace the printed page?” critically views electronic devices, strategies, and platforms.

Artists and political groups pushed the technology with pamphlets, unlicensed newspapers, the alternative press, fanzines, books, and journals.

The reviewer of furtherfield.org believes that Ludovico certainly has the credibility that “lends his conclusions a context and authority that mere theory might lack.” This is because Ludovico is part of numerous art projects, events, and interventions that have placed him in the changes in publishing and textual media occurring over this period.