It provides arterial supply to the molar and premolar teeth, maxillary sinus and adjacent bone, and the gingiva.

[2] It passes inferior-ward upon the infratemporal surface of maxilla before ramifying.

[1] Some branches enter the alveolar canals to supply the upper molar and premolar teeth as well as the maxillary sinus and adjacent bone.

[2] Some branches pass anterior-ward[citation needed] across the alveolar process to supply the gingiva.

[2] This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 562 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918) ocular group: central retinal