Croatia-Slavonia was an autonomous kingdom within the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen (Transleithania), the Hungarian part of the dual Austro-Hungarian Empire.

The pope confirmed the decision of Andrew II granting the Archbishop of Kalocsa Ugrin Csák authority over Požega.

[4] In the 12th century, Benedictine Rudina Abbey was established in the west of the valley containing the county seat by Ban Borić or one of his sons.

According to historian Nada Klaić, Borić owned estates in the area, including the Orljava Fortress, at the time and was likely the first comes (appointed head) of Požega County.

Petra) was established as the place of authentication in present-day Kaptol likely by Ban of Croatia and Bishop of Pécs Kalán.

A powerful Croatian baron, Paul Šubić, sent his brother, George, to Italy in early 1300 where he convinced Charles II of Naples to send his grandson Charles Robert to Hungary to claim the throne in person, setting up the dynastic struggle between the Capetian House of Anjou and the Árpád dynasty.

[14] The Hungarian and Croatian nobility largely objected to any possibility of succession in the female line and supported the claim to the throne by Charles III of Naples as the last surviving male member of the Capetian branch of the Anjou family.

[13] In 1409, Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, having prevailed in the fight for the Hungarian crown, gave Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić, in return for his support in dynastic struggle for the Hungarian throne with the Capetian House of Anjou, various estates and titles including the city of Požega and appointed him the comes of the Požega County.

In 1445–1447, the position of comes of Požega County (along with possession of the castrum and patronage of the Rudina abbey) was granted by the royal court to Palatine Lőrinc Hédervári.

In 1920, by the Treaty of Trianon the county became part of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed to Yugoslavia).