Born in Varanasi, India,[citation needed] he graduated school to become a deputy in the collections bureau, and later left to continue his academic pursuits.

The Indian Law Institute and office of the Bar Council of India is located on the road named after Dr. Bhagwan Das near Pragati Maidan in New Delhi.

The Pranava-Vada of Gargyayana (pranava-vāda is the Sanskrit for "uttering of Pranava (AUM)") was published in three volumes in years 1910-1913 by the Theosophical Society, Adyar with notes by Annie Besant.

Das alleges that the work is a "summarised translation" of an otherwise unknown "ancient text" by a sage called Gargyayana.

Das states that the text was dictated to him from memory by Pandit Dhanaraja Mishra, a theosophist friend of his who was blind in both eyes and had died before the book's publication.